Fast, fearless and fur-ocious, the majestic leopard is nature’s answer to an efficient and elegant predator. Despite being the smallest member of the big cat family, leopards pack a punch with their guttural roars and fierce appetites. With nine subspecies spread across various regions of Africa and Asia, they also play an integral role in maintaining healthy ecosystems. Interested in learning more about this spotty species? Read on to discover our top five leopard facts.
1.
Tree climbers
While cats and trees typically conjure up images of firemen and ladders, leopards aren’t the kind of cats that need our help. These big cats are built for climbing; with their powerful back legs, sharp claws, low centre of gravity and compact body size, leopards can climb to knee-wobbling heights (and get back down again). Their motivation for mastering the branches? To keep their tasty kills safe. Down on the ground, a leopard’s mealtime can be ruined by scavengers – such as hyenas – snatching what they caught. But up in the branches, leopards enjoy their precious prey in peace.
2.
Huge appetites
Speaking of a leopard’s tree top eating habits, their dietary preferences are equally impressive. You wouldn’t want to get in their way, because they’ll take down anything meaty that steps in their path: birds, monkeys, snakes, lizards, deer, gazelles and antelope to name just some of the unlucky few. Because of a leopard's tendency to never turn down a meal, they’ve survived in areas where other (fussier) big cats have diminished.
3.
Long jump champions
A group of leopards aren’t known as a ‘leap’ for no reason. Despite being solitary animals, sticking to groups of just a mother and her cubs, they earn their name from their incredible ability to leap forward 20ft and upwards ten feet. Just like their tree-climbing motivation, leopards leap because of their bellies. Their built-in springboard helps them catch prey such as birds, or to help them stealthily pounce in an ambush.
4.
‘The saw’
If you find yourself on a safari and hear a chainsaw starting up, grab your cameras and look out for a leopard, because their signature way to communicate is through a deep, guttural call dubbed ‘the saw’. Both males and females vocalise this way as a mating call, a territorial call or to threaten other leopards to stay away. If they end up fist to fist (or paw to paw) with each other, they’ll hiss, spit, growl and snarl. But communication-based leopard facts aren’t all scary – these spotty cats often purr and meow at their cubs, just like our domesticated friends.
5.
Endangered Amur leopards
Our final leopard fact focuses on a specific subspecies. With less than 200 left in the wild, the Amur leopard holds the title of being the rarest big cat on the planet. These majestic creatures, inhabiting the forests of the Russian Far East and northeastern China, face several threats: they’re poached for their beautiful spotted fur; their habitats are being destroyed due to forest fires and farming; and their prey numbers are declining. Although critically endangered, conservation work is slowly helping to increase their numbers so we don’t lose this subspecies forever.
Written by Evie Buller.