Cajamarca is a historic city which played an important role in the Incan Empire and the Spanish colonisation of Peru. The caves served as homes for some of ancient Peru's earliest settlers and later became crucial during the Spanish invasion of Peru, which is still evident in their beautiful churches and colonial houses. As you walk around the city soaking in the rich history, you will come to the ransom room, where Incan Emperor Atahualpa was held hostage by the Spanish Conquistadors in exchange for gold and silver (although the promise was later broken and Atahualpa was executed in the main square).
Hikers will love the trails around Cajamarca, which take you through beautiful scenery and provide a glimpse into Peruvian culture. There are several hiking trails that lead up into the mountains, including up to the Cumbemayo site, which gives an insight into the pre-Incan people through ancient ruins and petroglyphs—rock carvings made by early inhabitants of this area. There are several festivals throughout the year, including Carnaval de Cajamarca and Fiestas Patrias where you can celebrate with locals, sip on traditional drinks like chicha de jora (maize beer) and watch parades and street dances take place.
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